refactor(cmd): use std runtime package to get go version info (#7964)

* refactor(cmd): use std `runtime` package to get go version info

- Remove the `GoVersion` variable.
- Remove overriding `GoVersion` by ldflags in `build.sh`.
- Get go version, OS and arch from the constants in the std `runtime` package instead of compile time.

* chore(ci): remove `GoVersion` flag from workflows

Remove GoVersion flag from beta_release.yml and build.yml workflows.

> Reduce compile-time dependencies.

.github/workflows/beta_release.yml

@@ -94,7 +94,6 @@ jobs:
           out-dir: build
           x-flags: |
             github.com/alist-org/alist/v3/internal/conf.BuiltAt=$built_at
-            github.com/alist-org/alist/v3/internal/conf.GoVersion=$go_version
             github.com/alist-org/alist/v3/internal/conf.GitAuthor=Xhofe
             github.com/alist-org/alist/v3/internal/conf.GitCommit=$git_commit
             github.com/alist-org/alist/v3/internal/conf.Version=$tag

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ jobs:
           out-dir: build
           x-flags: |
             github.com/alist-org/alist/v3/internal/conf.BuiltAt=$built_at
-            github.com/alist-org/alist/v3/internal/conf.GoVersion=$go_version
             github.com/alist-org/alist/v3/internal/conf.GitAuthor=Xhofe
             github.com/alist-org/alist/v3/internal/conf.GitCommit=$git_commit
             github.com/alist-org/alist/v3/internal/conf.Version=$tag